Biology Case Study - 1303 Words

4. Discussion TLRs play a crucial role in mediating protection against pathogens. The interactions between PAMPS and TLRs result in triggering of cellular responses with subsequent production of cytokines and other immunoregulatory molecules leading to induction of innate and adaptive immune responses. Previous studies have demonstrated that TLR ligands can be exploited prophylactically to confer immunity against pathogens (Gomis et al., 2004; Dar et al., 2009; St. Paul et al., 2012c; Barjesteh et al., 2015) and as vaccine adjuvants to enhance adaptive immune responses (Mallick et al., 2011). Although the role of TLR ligands in eliciting innate and adaptive responses has been characterized in the chicken spleen and bursa of Fabricius (St.†¦show more content†¦The higher responses reported for LPS in the spleen, in contrast to higher responses to CpG ODN by cecal tonsil cells, could be attributable to differences in cellular composition (lymphocyte subsets, macrophages and dendritic cells) of spleen and cecal tonsils as well as age-related changes in TCR repertoire. Indeed, the percentages of TCR (T-cell receptor) 1 and TCR3 lymphocytes have been reported to be higher in the spleen of 7-week-old chickens compared to 2-week-old chickens (Erf et al., 1998). It is well established that TLR ligands exhibit both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties (Vendrig et al., 2013). Recognition of these ligands by TLRs enhances the production of cytokines and increases expression of costimulatory molecules that modulate adaptive immune responses (Datta et al., 2003). Furthermore, the secreted cytokines drive differentiation of naive T cells into Th1 or Th2 effector cells or T regulatory (Treg) cells (Kaiko et al., 2007; Orgun et al., 2008). In the present study, TLR ligands induced significant up-regulation of IFN-ÃŽ ³ and IL-2 gene expression. These results are in agreement with results from previous studies by Brisbin and colleagues (2010; 2012) in that treatment of cecal tonsil mononuclear cells with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) and LactobacillusShow MoreRelatedBiology Case Study1218 Words   |  5 Pagesconvenient for our sample study since heart attack disease has been found to start developing in as early a range a s 20-39 years (Mozaffarian 2015). Some interesting things to note about our population sample is the changes overtime they had from 1950 to 1962. The weight change decreased about 1.4 pounds as did the serum cholesterol by 4.5 mg% and BMI by 0.2298964. Our mean blood pressure readings increased; DBP by 0.99 mmHG and SBP more drastically by 17.4 mmHG. Further studies would have to be doneRead MoreBiology Case Study983 Words   |  4 Pagesrelationship between microRNA-22-3p and 3-UTR of TP63 mRNA was performed by a bioinformatics algorithm and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay. OC cell lines Lung cancer cell lines H292, PC-9, CL1-5, A549 and normal NHBE cells were used in this study. All of Lung cancer and normaL ceLL Lines - were provided by ATCC. H292, PC-9, CL1-5, A549 and NHBE cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). MiRNA and RNA interference The lung cancer cells were transfectedRead MoreBiology Case Study1087 Words   |  5 PagesTo determine inheritance patterns of autosomal recessive ebony and cinnabar traits, genetic crosses were performed. True breeding virgin female ebony flies were crossed with true breeding cinnabar mutant males in the Parental generation. The expected Fâ‚‚ phenotypic ratio based on the Mendelian principle of independent assortment was 9 wild type: 3 ebony: 3 cinnabar: 1 cinnabar and ebony fly. The outcomes did not match the hypothesised phenotypic ration. The observed phenotypic ratio was 12.6 wildRead MoreBiology Case Study1131 Words   |  5 Pages - Replication origin.(For replication of the vector inside the host). - Selectable marker.(use to select the plasmid vector which contains the host cell) (antibiotic resistance for example to destroy Ampicillin). - Multiple cloning site.(It contains many restriction sites to insert the restriction enzymes). These elements are essential because it allows for the diffusion of the plasmid within the bacteria (e.g E.coli) and not allowing any bacteria not carrying the plasmidRead MoreBiology Case Study Essay624 Words   |  3 PagesCase Study 1 1. Johnny has seen the words Sodium Chloride before in his science class with the periodic table. 2. Johnny couldn’t find Sodium Chloride on the periodic table because Sodium Chloride is a molecule made up of two atoms: Sodium and Chloride. 3. Sodium Chloride represents two atoms that together form a molecule: NaCl. Na: Sodium and Cl: Chloride 4. An ionic bond occurs when two or more ions (an atom whose number of elections differs from its number of protons) bondRead MoreEssay on Biology Case Study719 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Advanced Cell Biology II Step 1:  How will you identify the â€Å"vital† cellular protein that the virus targets for degradation? (Hint: think proteomics). (3 pts.) First, since we know the viral RNA sequence and its targeting protein, we can investigate it in bioinformatics database, and can acquire some clues or hints about the target proteins. From the bioinformatics database, we might be able to find its structure, similarity with other proteins, functions, and binding domains. In other wordsRead MoreBiology Immunology Case Study 3005.21363 Words   |  6 PagesBIOCHEMISTRY IMMUNOLOGY CASE STUDY 3005.2 CLINICAL PRESENTATION A female patient aged thirty-one years old was admitted to a surgical ward with a 48 hour history of emesis and abdominal pain in an unspecified quadrant. There was no account registered regarding the possible existence of headaches, blurred vision, loss of consciousness or change in bowel habit. Her arterial blood pressure was measured at 110/65 mmHG and her pulse 88 beats per minute and regular. A provisional diagnosis of intestinalRead MoreBiology Mice Case Study Essay662 Words   |  3 Pagesinitial observation that previous studies which indicated caffeine (coffee) had a positive effect on diabetes patients was not tested on lab animals. They asked the question, would an animal lab test provide further evidence of the positive effects of coffee in diabetes patients? They hypothesized testing a group of mice which were fed only water compared to mice fed a coffee/water mixture would identify benefits of coffee consumption. Their prediction, based on past studies, was that yes c offee wouldRead MoreI Learn A Great Deal About How Conduct A Case Study Essay908 Words   |  4 Pages I learn a great deal about how to conduct a case study. I gained insight into the struggles Aubri deals with daily. After the initial meetings, our many conversations, and the case study research I felt I knew Aubri much better. I now know why so many of my students struggle with organization and time management (AR 1.8, AR 3.2, AR 3.3). The whole process makes me look at all my students differently (AR 2.5.) Makes me want to be a better teacher, counselor, parent, wife, and friend.Read MoreResearch On The Learning Of An Educational Setup Essay2437 Words   |  10 Pagesstudents (ages 9-11) and Chemistry to secondary section students (ages 13-15), I have observed a change in the students’ approach towards the study of Science. As the students progressed to higher grades, they started losing their interest in science. Applying scientific concepts in practical scenarios became a challenging process and yet, many continued to study science simply due to the pressure of choosing a career in the field of medicine or engineering. 2.0 Aim of my research As a science teacher

Use of Symbolism in Goldings Lord of the Flies Essay

Use of Symbolism in Goldings Lord of the Flies Lord of the Flies, a suggestive name for the Devil, a devil whose name proposes that he is devoted to decay, destruction, demoralization and panic, exactly what William Golding had in mind when using symbolism in this novel. The Lord of the Flies (1954), is a novel in which interpretating the symbols are a main key to not only understanding, but also enjoying the novel. After tying many of the symbols together, you can figure out more about what the author is trying to depict, the overall scene. This story takes place during World War II on a deserted island. After a plane, transporting about a dozen young boys, gets shot down, they are trapped on an island without any adults.†¦show more content†¦He is eventually chosen as leader on account of his many positive qualities. He maintains a conflict with Jack throughout the entire novel, trying to keep order while Jack isnt as dedicated to it. The next person you meet in the story is a short fat boy, who wears spectacles. He is the most intellectual boy on the island, but since he has no social skills, he is usually in the background trying to maintain the peace. Together Ralph and Piggy represent the struggle for order and democracy. The next thing that shows up in the story that has very importance as a symbol is the conch. Piggy and Ralph were walking around the island looking for others, when they see a pink shell shimmering in the water. Piggy recalled the shell as one he had seen used as an instrument. Upon seeing this, he picked it up, handed it to Ralph, the leader figure, and told him to blow. As he did this a noise was produced so that it carried itself across the island, drawing all the other boys to its sound. This use of the conch is the first to demonstrate its symbolism as authority. The conch, throughout the whole story, is used to achieve order, and a symbol of authority for whom ever has possession of it, Ill give the conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when hes speaking And he wont be interrupted (33). While they were all getting along and all working toward one thing, the conch served its purpose. It was used to call meetings and to bring silence duringShow MoreRelated The Use of Symbolism in Goldings Lord of the Flies Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Use of Symbolism in Goldings Lord of the Flies    His head opened and stuff came out and turned red. Piggys arms and legs twitched a bit like a pig after it has been killed (217). This is what can happen to someone when all signs of civilization, order and power disappear and have no more meaning to members of a group or society. In the writing of William Goldings Lord of the Flies (1954), the symbol of power and civilization is the conch. Once that is lost, all bets are off. When theRead MoreLord Of The Flies : Representation Of Violence And War1611 Words   |  7 PagesLord Of The Flies: Representation Of Violence and War Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a German theologian, states that â€Å" The ultimate test of a moral society is the kind of world that it leaves to its children.† In William Golding’s Lord Of The Flies, societal topics run rampant throughout the text with Golding’s use of individuals to represent different aspects of society. Many writers view the Lord Of The Flies as an allegory, as societal topics such as politics make appearances throughout the text. InRead MoreLord of The Flies Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesLord of the Flies was published in 1954 by William Golding. Today Lord of the Flies is a well known literary criticism. Many schools require their students to read Lord of the Flies because of the literary criticisms in the book. In this paper three themes or literary criticisms are talked about: good vs. evil, symbolism of characters, and maturity of characters. Another topic in Goldings Lord of the Flies is the battle of good vs. evil. Everything seems to start out just fine on the island; theRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1745 Words   |  7 Pages1954 novel, Lord of the Flies by Nobel Prize-winner William Golding is a dystopian allegory indicative of vast aspects of the human condition. Set in the midst of a nuclear war, the text details a group of marooned British school boys as they regress to a primitive state. Free from the rules and structures of civilisation and society, the boys split into factions - some attempting to maintain order and achieve common goals; others seeking anarchy and violence. The novel is based on Golding’s experienceRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies1468 Words   |  6 PagesThe Lord of the Flies tells the story of a group of English schoolboys marooned on a tropical island after their plane is shot down during a war. Though the novel is fictional, its exploration of the idea of human evil is at least partly based on Golding’s experience with the real-life violence and brutality of World War II. Free from the rules and structures of civilization and society, the boys on the island in Lord of the Flies descend into savagery. Golding’s experience in World War II had aRead MoreBiblical Allusions: Golding ´s Lord of the Flies884 Words   |  4 Pagesnovels, authors use biblical allusions to highlight a certain character or situation. By using biblical allusions, authors can help the reader better understand what it is that they want to convey through their literary work. In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, Golding utilizes symbolism of places and characters to allude to the Bible. Out of the many references, four significant biblical allusions – title of the novel, Simon, beast, and the island itself – emphasize Golding’s theme inherent sinRead More Struggle Between Good and Evil in William Goldings Lord of the Flies1186 Words   |  5 PagesThe Struggle Between Good and Evil in William Goldings Lord of the Flies   Ã‚  Ã‚   Evil is not an external force controlled by the devil, but rather the potential for evil resides within each person. Man has the potential to exhibit great kindness or to rape and pillage. In the novel Lord of the Flies, William Golding deals with this evil that exists in the heart of man. With his mastery of such literary tool as structure, syntax, diction, point of view and presentation of character, GoldingRead MoreImportant Symbols in Lord of the Flies by William Golding676 Words   |  3 PagesIn William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies, he uses unique elements to symbolize many concepts throughout the story. The two most important but differing symbols used throughout the novel are the Conch and Sow’s head symbolically used by the author to demonstrate the transition of good to evil as the darkness of savagery slowly begins to powerfully overtake the boys’ mental concept of their civilian nature that they were born into. Both symbolica lly represent a certain importance and power to theRead MoreDefects Of Human Nature In William Goldings Lord Of The Flies1551 Words   |  7 Pages this belief is contradicted by the action of the boys, in William Golding’s, â€Å"Lord of the Flies†. A group of schoolboys are abruptly thrown out of their controlled and civil circumstances into an inhabited tropical island in the middle of the Pacific. The novel is Golding’s attempt to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature, by using symbolism to delineate this theme. Golding’s extensive use of symbolism, such as the conch, the signal fire and the painted faces helps demonstrateRead MoreLord Of The Flies Human Nature Analysis1537 Words   |  7 PagesHowever this belief is contradicted by the action of the boys, in William Golding’s, â€Å"Lord of the Flies†. A group of schoolboys are abruptly thrown out of their controlled and civil circumstances into an inhabited tropical island in the middle of the Pacific. The novel is Golding’s attempt to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature, by using symbolism to delineate this theme. Golding’s extensive use of symbolism, such as the conch, the signal fire and the painted faces helps demonstrate

Data Encryption Standards for WIMAX Networks †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Data Encryption Standards for WIMAX Networks. Answer: Data Encryption Standards for WIMAX Networks DES: DES is the short form for Data Encryption Standard. The technology is utilized as the primary guidelines for the procedure of information encryption (ISLAM AZAD, 2014). The symmetric nature of the information encryption standard includes the advancement of the procedure of encryption for the information management by utilizing the keys. The sender is constantly told about the key that is used in encryption for the DES processing before the execution for the encryption procedure. Regularly the extent of data encryption key utilized by DES is 64 bits. Be that as it may, the real accessible size for the key of DES encryption is 56 bits just as the rest of the 8 bits are left for parity analysis for the information models. DES encryption was produced and planned by IBM. The DES encryption is an open standard for the encryption procedure of the information and data. AES: AES stands for Advanced Encryption Standard. The AES is a piece symmetric information standard (Karthik Muruganandam, 2014). The ramifications of the propelled information gauges are utilized for framing the piece encryption in the association. The Advanced Encryption Standard is exceptionally useful for the following the encryption standards for the most secured operations that is implied by the US government too. The US government had picked this standard for the improvement of the insurance of the arranged and private data. The AES encryption process utilizes indistinguishable keys for implementation of improvement of encryption and information assurance. The benchmarks of the encryption can acknowledge the information obstruct for encryption having length of 128 bits. Among the processes the 3 keys utilized for the encryption are 128 bits, 192 bits, and 256 bits long individually (Bhanot Hans, 2015). The AES procedure of encryption includes the handling of the entire piece comprising of information in a parallel way to use the substitution method and stages for each round. Triple DES: As opined by Barker and Barker (2012), the technology of Triple DES is a changed and advanced type of Data Encryption Standard utilized for the procedure of encryption. The system of encryption utilizing Triple DES encryption procedure would include the utilization of 3 isolate keys for the effective completion of the encryption. The calculation utilized for Triple DES encryption incorporates the use of the DES thrice to secure the information and data. The keys utilized as a part of the Triple DES encryption comprise of three bits size and it can be utilized for encryption of the information. The first (56 bits) and third key (168 bits) is utilized for encoding the information. Be that as it may, the second key (112 bits) is utilized for decoding of the information. Security Challenges of WPAN Technologies Security Issues for using Bluetooth: Bluetooth is a propelled innovation for exchanging of document and media by utilizing the Bluetooth infrared information exchange (Padgette, 2017). However the innovation had been confronting many issues and difficulties of security like Bluejacking, Bluesnarfing assault, and Backdoor Hacking. The Bluejacking is the procedure when the programmers effectively execute the wholesale fraud for separating essential data from the framework gadgets (Minar and Tarique, 2012). The Bluesnarfing assault contains event of the assault in the Bluetooth arrange by the way toward hacking. The programmers in this situation hack into the system of Bluetooth of accessing the classified and private information and data for their own advantages. The Backdoor Hacking is the risk to the Bluetooth innovation for the abuse of the vulnerabilities that are present in the framework. The programmers penetrate the gadget and frame the invasion of the gadget that can be done wi thout even requiring to be matched with the touchy information. Consequently Bluetooth gadgets had been confronting many issues and difficulties of precautions like Bluejacking, Bluesnarfing assault, and Backdoor Hacking. The programmers in this situation hack into the system of Bluetooth of accessing the secret and private information and data for their own advantages. The programmers invade the gadget and frame the penetration of the gadget that can be done without even requiring to be matched with the delicate information. Security Issues for using Zigbee: Zillner and Strobl (2015) have stated that Zigbee is a progressed WPAN innovation utilized for conveying and exchanging of the data starting with one client then onto the next. The difficulties of security looked by the Zigbee innovation are hacking and impersonation of Zigbee hub. The programmers and digital hoodlums utilize straightforward techniques for hacking the Zigbee with their knowledge about the way that the innovation of Zigbee utilizes the radio recurrence waves and it turns out to be anything but difficult to focus on the Zigbee radio gadgets by misusing the recurrence work. The encryption of the Zigbee utilizing gadgets are focused by the assailants (Wang, Jiang Zhang, 2014). The clients would not know about their gadgets being hacked remotely by utilizing the hacking strategy. Now and again, the programmers utilize the innovation for getting into its framework gadgets from remote and distant places. The physical access to the gadget i s another figure that outcomes security issues. Critical Reflection on Energy Harvest The harvesting of energy is a primary concern for the development of the effective and improved processing of the energy (Shaikh Zeadally, 2016). The power generation for the energy harvesting would be deployed for forming the use of the energy resources for power generation in WSN. The energy resources can be either exhaustible (non renewable) resources or non exhaustible (renewable) resources. The generation of the power would be facilitated by the use of the energy nodes by WSN. The problems and issues faced by the WSN had resulted in the requirement for deploying the effective and improved technology. The various energy sources like solar and wind can be used for generating the energy for WSN. The solar energy is the most prominent source of energy and it forms the utilization of the solar rays for generation of energy. The solar energy provides the most cleanly and green energy and it would involve the deployment of the synthesis methods for the generation of the power. The ray s of the sun are entrapped in voltaic cells by the use of solar panels. The solar energy is utilized for forming the development of the electrical energy by converting the heat energy. The wind energy is synthesized by using Windmills. The force of the air would help in rotating the wings of the windmills. The rotation of the fangs would tend to develop the running of the motor for generating the energy 9 Ulukus et al., 2015). The mechanical energy would be converted to electrical energy. The solar and wind energy sources would be used for generating the energy for WSN. The rays of the sun are entrapped in voltaic cells by the use of solar panels and the wind energy is synthesized by using Windmills. References Barker, W. C., Barker, E. B. (2012). SP 800-67 Rev. 1. Recommendation for the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA) Block Cipher. Bhanot, R., Hans, R. (2015). A review and comparative analysis of various encryption algorithms.International Journal of Security and Its Applications,9(4), 289-306 ISLAM, E., AZAD, S. (2014). data encryption standard.Practical Cryptography: Algorithms and Implementations Using C++, 57. Karthik, S., Muruganandam, A. (2014). Data Encryption and Decryption by using Triple DES and performance analysis of crypto system.International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research, 24-31. Minar, N. B. N. I., Tarique, M. (2012). Bluetooth security threats and solutions: a survey.International Journal of Distributed and Parallel Systems,3(1), 127. Padgette, J. (2017). Guide to bluetooth security.NIST Special Publication,800, 121. Shaikh, F. K., Zeadally, S. (2016). Energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks: A comprehensive review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,55, 1041-1054. Ulukus, S., Yener, A., Erkip, E., Simeone, O., Zorzi, M., Grover, P., Huang, K. (2015). Energy harvesting wireless communications: A review of recent advances.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,33(3), 360-381. Wang, C., Jiang, T., Zhang, Q. (Eds.). (2014).ZigBee network protocols and applications. CRC Press. Zillner, T., Strobl, S. (2015). ZigBee exploited: The good the bad and the ugly.